1997: D.Sc (Tech.) in Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland on "Latent Sector Faults and Reliability of Disk Arrays"

1989: Lic.Sc (Tech.) in Department of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Telecommunication Technology, at Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.

1986: M.Sc. (Tech.) in Department of Technical Physics, Laboratory of Information Science at Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.

1980: Highschool at Kuoppakangas, Varkaus